What is Automatic Identification System (AIS)

What is Automatic Identification System (AIS)?

About AIS
The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a positioning and ship information reporting system. It enables AIS-equipped ships to automatically and dynamically share and periodically update position, speed, heading and other information, such as ship identification numbers, with similarly equipped ships. Positioning is provided by the Global Positioning System (GPS) and communication between ships is achieved through very high frequency (VHF) digital transmission.

There are two primary types of AIS equipment, class A and class B. Class A AIS is a more sophisticated system that is typically used on larger vessels that are required to comply with international regulations. These regulations mandate that all ships over 300 gross tons, and all passenger ships, must carry a class A AIS system. Class A AIS has a longer transmission range, can transmit more data, and includes safety-related information such as vessel name, call sign, and course over ground.
On the other hand, class B AIS is a simpler and more affordable system that is generally used on smaller vessels. While still a reliable safety tool, class B AIS has shorter transmission range and limited data transmission compared to class A AIS. Class B AIS does not transmit safety-related information and is not required by international regulations. However, it is still a valuable tool for small commercial and recreational boats, as well as for fishing vessels.
When choosing between class A and class B AIS, it is essential to consider the size and type of your vessel, as well as the regulations governing your waterways. If your vessel is required to have a class A AIS system under international regulations, then that should be your primary choice. However, if your vessel is small enough to be exempt from these regulations, and you still want to enhance safety, a class B AIS system may still be a viable option.